contd. Example

Page 336 (Pin model above note)

Page 337: Table of instance with Russia and Ukraine

While there is resolution, it only results in small ceasefires, they usually erupt back into conflict

PIN model element	Russia	Ukraine
Positions	Russia has taken the position that it is  invading Ukraine to ‘'demilitarize and  denazify’ the country.	Ukraine has assumed that Russia  is waging an unprovoked war of  aggression.
Interests	Russia‘s interests in the conflict may  include security, influence and economic  gain.	Ukraine's interests may include  sovereignty, independence and territorial  integrity.
Needs	Russia’'s needs may include security from  NATO expansion and a buffer zone  between itself and the West.	Ukraine's needs may include security  from Russian aggression and the right to  self-determination. Their shared need is  security.

if Russia wants security, and Ukraine independence, they can negotiate and agree to security and cooperation in the region against other destabilizing states. Both ultimately want security

Conflict in a standstill because neither side can get its needs. Russia notices how western states acting with impunity in Iran, so they do not trust NATO assurances